What is a via?

A via is a type of connection used in electronic circuits on a printed circuit board (PCB). It is a metal plated hole that allows for conductive paths to be created between different layers of the PCB, typically used to transfer signals between layers or to connect components on different sides of the board.

Vias can be categorized into three main types: through-hole vias, blind vias, and buried vias. Through-hole vias extend through all the layers of the PCB, while blind vias only extend to specific layers. Buried vias are completely enclosed within the layers of the PCB and are not visible from the surface.

Vias are crucial for designing complex PCB layouts with multiple layers of circuitry. They allow for efficient routing of signals and maximize the use of available board space. The size and design of vias can impact the overall performance and reliability of a PCB, so it is important to consider their placement and characteristics during the design process.